Utilitarianism And Its Ethical Approach - 1709 Words

UTILITARIANISM AND ITS ETHICAL APPROACH Of the topics discussed, one that most caught my attention is the philosophical current of utilitarianism. Indeed, among currents ethical thinking that has had greatest impact in recent times is utilitarianism. A school of thought that holds that the good is useful, that is to say, in this ethical doctrine is postulated that the morally good lies in the legitimate aspiration to wellness. In the field of ethics, this doctrine is determined by a ratio of utility benefit; what is beneficial is good, and therefore, the ethical value of a behavior is determined by the practical nature of their results. As said by Jeremy Bentham (the father of Utilitarianism,) â€Å"the ultimate goal of moral action is achieving the greatest happiness for the greatest number of people.† This objective is also considered as the cornerstone of all legislation that should therefore be beneficial for all individuals in society and guiding criterion of every social institution. In other words, it has been anchored in an ethical system that aims to be an alternative for reconciling individual rights and collective pursuit of happiness. In general, utilitarian theory from the point of view of ethics is opposed to other philosophical doctrines that support the idea that individuals have an inner sense often called consciousness, serving as judge of right and wrong. Utilitarianism is also in disagree with the opinion that says that moral questions depend on the will ofShow MoreRelatedFracking : A Ethical Issue By Using The Act Utilitarianism Approach1151 Words   |  5 PagesETHICAL THEORIES After analyzing the benefits and drawbacks of fracking, this paper attempts to address this ethical issue by using the act-utilitarianism approach. The first reason for using this approach, instead of Respect for Persons and Virtue Ethics, is because utilitarianism strongly supports the impartiality feature. Impartiality is paramount in this fracking case because there are lots of both direct and indirect stakeholders at stake. Local residents around fracking sites suffer from increasingRead MoreEthical Issues That Are Raised1677 Words   |  7 PagesEthics Research ethics are concerned with analysing moral issues that are raised when people are participants in primary research. The objective of being ethical is to protect participants in research, through examining the ethical soundness of all aspects of research taking place (Miller et al. 2012). The research should be conducted in a way which has no effect on the welfare of participants. Aubrey (2000 p.156 cited in Mukerhji Albon 2010 p.34) defines ethics as â€Å"a set of moral principles underpinningRead MoreExplanation of the Utilitarian Ethical Theory Essay1417 Words   |  6 PagesExplanation of the Utilitarian Ethical Theory There are many different ethical approaches that deal with the morality issues we face every day, but the utilitarian approach holds the feeling of morally belonging to a group and the lack of individualism that many others carry. It also can be a very cold approach for those who belong to the minority in a society. This is because the principle of utility says that â€Å"we ought to do that which produces the greatest amount of happiness or pleasure forRead MoreEthical Implications Of The Finance Industry1433 Words   |  6 PagesIn one’s professional career one might be in a situation to consider not only the ramifications of one’s ethical choice, but also how ethical one’s decision is as a whole. In my career, I have never been put in an ethical dilemma, but at a juncture in my career in the finance industry, it is possible I will. In the industry of finance, one could be in a position that enables them to embezzle, whether this is in an accounting position , a financial advisor, or even a bank teller. In each of these positionsRead MoreThe Similarities and Differences Between Different Ethical Theories651 Words   |  3 Pagesin Ethics: The main aim of any ethical theory is to do what is right and good since it involves moral rules or acting based on specific ethical values. In certain cases, the right and good as well as the ethical rules and values are sometimes common to various ethical theories. Even though ethical theories have different reasons for application, there is an overlap in these theories that result in similar conduct in an ethical situation. There are various ethical theories with differences on howRead MoreUtilitarianism And Kantian Ethics Analysis786 Words   |  4 Pagesby ethical theories we adhere to. Utilitarianism and Kantian ethics are two systems that provide a way to approach life decisions, big and small. Utilitarianism, nicknamed â€Å"The Greatest Happiness† states that the ethical choice is the choice that yields the greatest amount of happiness for the greatest amount of people. Kantian ethics, also called duty ethics, explains that for any action, people must act according to common principles, with no significance placed on the outcome. The ethical theoriesRead MoreThe Ethics Of The Finance Industry1376 Words   |  6 Pagesramifications of one’s ethics, but also how ethical one’s decision is as a whole. In my career, I have never been put in an ethical dilemma, but at some juncture in my career in the finance industry, it is very possible I will. This paper will discuss; certain situations one might encounter in the business financial industry, what options one has in this dilemma, how certain ethical approaches would guide one’s decision, and my personal opinion on which approach I would utilize. In the industry of financeRead MoreThe Ethical Theory Of Virtue Ethics1115 Words   |  5 Pagesaccording to whom, virtue ethics might be the best way to think about and approach reproductive ethics. The Ethical theory of Utilitarianism/Consequentialism Now let’s review this technology and the moral dilemmas it raises through the principle of Utilitarianism. A Utilitarian might ask questions like, whom does this technology benefit the most? Or does the benefit of using this technology outweigh the cost? Utilitarianism prescribes happiness for the greatest number of people. One question withRead MoreHacking As A Common Act And Scandal Essay1413 Words   |  6 Pageson utilitarianism. However, the hacking issue in this case can be perceived differently via using different ethic concepts and approaches which depend on the standards used in different ethic concepts. Based on this understanding, the consequence of the hacking behaviour cannot be simply and solely used as an indicator to conclude this behaviour as morally right. Utilitarianism Utilitarianism focuses on the consequences of the act in order to determine whether this act is moral and ethical, whichRead MoreEthical Dilemmas : Ethical Dilemma1255 Words   |  6 Pages Ethical Dilemmas Student’s Name Institutional Affiliation â€Æ' Morals and ethics are related topics which can easily be mistaken each for the other. Ethics are a set of standards a person comes up with to ensure they make the best choices between a group of options. Morals are rules which guide a person when choosing a particular type of behavior between classes which are already classified by the society as wrong or right. Ethical dilemmas pose very conflicted questions in a person s

Essay on Ways to Help Remedy the Plagiarism Problem

Plagiarism is a word that should be well known to anyone who has attended school. To plagiarize, as defined by the Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary, is â€Å"to steal and pass off (the ideas or words of another) as ones own; use (anothers production) without crediting the source; to commit literary theft; present as new and original an idea or product derived from an existing source.† While it would seem obvious that this would be a bad thing to do and, therefore, easy to avoid, many students and writers of all backgrounds find the subject confusing. Even famous persons, such as Martin Luther King and Helen Keller, have been accused of plagiarizism. Many teachers have spent years agonizing over the subject of plagiarism. Some rely on their†¦show more content†¦Also, the expectations of teachers, parents and peers can be an added burden. The key to remove such worries is to simply study hard and do one’s best. However, another important aspect of student life is to make sure to fully comprehend the requirements of written projects. Speaking with teachers and professors, as well as other students, can help remove the risk of being caught off guard and needing a quick remedy to a report that leads to accidental plagiarism. No matter how well a person plans their written works or how much effort they put into them, there is only one sure way to avoid the possibility of plagiarism: citing sources. It is very common for people to misunderstand the concepts of plagiarism and paraphrasing and this can lead to missing credit in their papers. Sometimes, it is thought that merely using quotes around a phrase or passage is credit enough. Unfortunately, this is not the case. The apparently unanimous opinion of scholars, publishers and the like is to â€Å"give credit where credit is due† 2 whenever there is any doubt. This means any ideas or written words that are not common knowledge should be properly credited. A citation at the end of a research report, for example, is the safest way to avoid claims of plagiarism. Students who are found guilty of plagiarizing can face a number of severe punishments. They have been known to receive failing grades, be suspended from school for long periods of time or evenShow MoreRelatedThe Effects Of Plagiarism1143 Words   |  5 PagesPlagiarism hinders intellectual advancement. The problems of plagiarism have been discussed for hundreds of years. With technologies, plagiarism becomes a fairly common practice in recent years. Plagiarism is actually recognized as a dishonest act from the 18th century when the original literature takes on more value within society. Readers want to read new creations of ideas and words from writers instead of seeing them polish the writings that have already been emitted. Writers are able at thisRead More Schools and Education - Understanding the Rise in Apathy, Cheating and Plagiarism3796 Words   |  16 PagesApathy, Cheating and Plagiarism – Understanding the Problem Over the past ten years teachers have witnessed a drop in student preparation and a rise in apathy and cheating. Students who cheat do so from a variety of motives. Making this situation even more difficult is that faculty members do not even define plagiarism the same or punish it consistently (Howard, â€Å"Sexuality† 473). Some surveys even show that teachers simply ignore the problem or do not report plagiarism because: â€Å"they doRead Morebusiness law chap 92036 Words   |  9 Pagesacquire knowledge of various conceptual frameworks which help to understand the operation of the law and particularly the law of contracts, agency and the Uniform Commercial Code. 3. Legal Reasoning: To develop useful problem solving skills and tools necessary for dealing with actual legal problems. 4. Skills in Communication: To improve communication skills which are essential to dealing effectively with legal and other problems in the business world. Procedures, Requirements andRead MoreThe Controversial Scientific Breakthroughs Has Been The Success Of Cloning1499 Words   |  6 Pagesis, it will become reality sooner or later. In an article published by BBC News Online Network, Professor Severino Antionori told BBC that human cloning can be a good idea in certain situations. For example, in the human fertility issue as it will help couples who are unable to have children. Antionori also succeded in helping a 62 years old woman give birth to blah blah (source) vitro fertilization techniques under therapeutic cloning method. But is human cloning ethically or morally wrong? InRead MoreA Brief Note On Plagiarism And Collusion. Plagiarism4014 Words   |  17 PagesAssignment Cover Sheet Faculty of Science and Technology GROUP 4: Eswar Muraharisetty, Maneesh Chatamoni, Rohita Gongada UNIT CODE: SEB724 UNIT CHAIR: Dr Arun Patil ASSIGNMENT NAME: Engineering Leadership DUE DATE: 06/10/2014 Plagiarism and collusion Plagiarism occurs when a student passes off as the student’s own work, or copies without acknowledgment as to its authorship, the work of any other person. Collusion occurs when a student obtains the agreement of another person for a fraudulent purposeRead MoreThe Importance Of Long Standing National Traditions On School Performance And Educational Attainment5716 Words   |  23 Pageswas replaced with contrasting state educational systems, on the basis of various models developed in the Federal Republic of Germany during the post – World War ll period. Collaboration with Families and Stakeholders: Community engagement is a two-way street where the school, families, and the community actively work together, creating networks of shared responsibility for student success. It is a tool that promotes civic well-being and that strengthens the capacity of schools, families, and communitiesRead MoreUsing Wireless Sensor Networks Help With A Lot Of The Things They Do2464 Words   |  10 PagesThis article is about how governments revolutionize their cites using wireless sensor networks to help with a lot of the things they do to keep the cities safe. Traffic cameras with motion sensors to help track red light runners. Water conservation technology to help cities irrigation systems. Or just with mailmen routes, garbage routes, and bus schedules. I. Introduction Plagiarism: Plagiarism is when you try to copy someone else’s work and try to present it as your own work masterpieceRead MoreEffective Our Current Proposal Forms Are At Gathering Relevant Risk Information Essay2094 Words   |  9 Pagesproposal forms effective in gathering risk information? – By ensuring our proposal forms are adequate it would assist the underwriter during the risk selection process, ensuring for better informed decisions regarding acceptability criteria and would help assist in avoiding undesirable risks being accepted into the portfolio. Having detailed proposal forms allows the underwriter to understand the risk much deeper and could also assist in defending potential claims during the policy term. Placing a heavyRead MorePsych Syllabus Essay2272 Words   |  10 PagesAgenda available for download at the beginning of each seminar week. Note: At the option of the instructor, assignments, discussions, quizzes, exams, seminar points, due dates, and other requirements may be modified, added, or deleted. Two ways to determine where you stand: Manually: (1) Divide the total number of points you have earned by the total number of points available. (2) Multiply the resulting decimal by 100 to convert it to a percentage. Online: Click on the ReportRead More The Technological Opportunity for Nurses Essay2967 Words   |  12 Pagesâ€Å"she’ll be ready to retire or at least cut back on her hours in the next five years† (Lack, 2005). In 2020, â€Å"the U.S. will need 1.7 million nurses,† while the supply is likely to be only 600,000 (Tremel, 2004, pg. 63). What is to be done to remedy the situation of our aging and retiring nurses? Some states are taking innovative steps by starting â€Å"shift-bidding† for part-time nurses (Smith, 2005, p. 1), requiring mandatory reduction of nurse-to-patient ratios (Leighty, 2004, p. 1), changing

Impact Of Hurricanes In Florida Essay Example For Students

Impact Of Hurricanes In Florida Essay IMPACT OF HURRICANES IN FLORIDAINTRODUCTIONAccording to the National Hurricane Center, a hurricane releases heat energy at a rate of 50 trillion to 200 trillion watts, which is equivalent to the energy from exploding 10 megaton bombs every 20 minutes. With such strength, it is no wonder why these natural disasters have such large destructive impacts on the environment. Furthermore, hurricanes are of extreme importance to Florida, since they have historically plagued the state, especially in 1992 with Hurricane Andrew. Since it is certain that hurricanes will hit Florida and equally certain that biological populations (including people) will exist in Florida, there is a need for researching methods to coexist with these monstrous storms. IMPACTS OF HURRICANESFirst, to be able to create solutions to hurricane damage, experts must understand the physical manner in which hurricanes actually cause damage. Roger Pielke, in his hurricane book, The Hurricane, identifies four impacts of a hurricane: storm surge, extreme winds, tornadoes, and rainfall. These impacts are not completely separate from each other; they interact, but are different in scope. Storm surge refers to the rapid rise of sea level as a storm approaches a coastline. This is the biggest impact of a hurricane and accounts for 90% of hurricane deaths (Pielke 1990). Storm surges are caused by three factors. First, the overlying atmosphere pressure drops. Second, strong onshore winds cause a piling up of water at the coast. Third, the decreasing sea depths as the ocean approaches the coast causes the surge to get steeper. A storm surge of 15 feet corresponds to a level 5 hurricane, and a surge greater than 5 feet can cause major damage and loss of life. Since surges diminish as they move inland, surges are mostly destructive to beaches. Extreme winds, which carry a lot of kinetic energy, can cause significant structural damage and even endanger life with dangerous debris. The damage of winds is proportional to the kinetic flow, which is exponential. For example, a wind of 50 ms-1 is four times greater than winds of 25 ms-1. In addition, winds are not restricted to the coasts; extreme winds appear and are destructive far inland. Tornadoes are connected with extreme winds. Although hurricane induced tornadoes are not as strong as the normal ones that appear in the Midwest, they still cause a lot of damage and are dangerous to life. Tornadoes are mysterious, but there are theories on their causes. Tornadoes form as a response to large vertical shears of horizontal wind that develop as lower level wind is slowed by ground friction. The large velocity shears tilt due to spatially varying vertical motion, which causes circulation to complete the tornado. Tornadoes can form far inland. Rainfall is the mildest impact, although it still causes major damage and erosion. Even weak tropical disturbances can cause extreme rainfall. This extreme rainfall can cause flash floods or cause body of waters to flood. Rainfall becomes excessive at and after the hurricane hits land. FLORIDA PROBLEMS WITH HURRICANESAccording to the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Florida had the most hurricane strikes from 1900 to 1996 of any other state in the United States with 57 hurricanes. Texas was a far second with 36. With such an intense hurricane history, it is no wonder why hurricanes are a major environmental problem facing Florida. For examples, a 1928 hurricane hit Lake Okeechobe and killed 1800 people (Stormfax Weather Almanac 1997), and 1994 Hurricane Gordon caused significant beach erosion along Floridas east coast and $275 million in agricultural damage by flooding Dade and Collier counties (NHC Hurricane Andrew 1994). .uba552cc309643478b938dc006485a8b9 , .uba552cc309643478b938dc006485a8b9 .postImageUrl , .uba552cc309643478b938dc006485a8b9 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uba552cc309643478b938dc006485a8b9 , .uba552cc309643478b938dc006485a8b9:hover , .uba552cc309643478b938dc006485a8b9:visited , .uba552cc309643478b938dc006485a8b9:active { border:0!important; } .uba552cc309643478b938dc006485a8b9 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uba552cc309643478b938dc006485a8b9 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uba552cc309643478b938dc006485a8b9:active , .uba552cc309643478b938dc006485a8b9:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uba552cc309643478b938dc006485a8b9 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uba552cc309643478b938dc006485a8b9 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uba552cc309643478b938dc006485a8b9 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uba552cc309643478b938dc006485a8b9 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uba552cc309643478b938dc006485a8b9:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uba552cc309643478b938dc006485a8b9 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uba552cc309643478b938dc006485a8b9 .uba552cc309643478b938dc006485a8b9-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uba552cc309643478b938dc006485a8b9:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Frailty Thy Name Is Woman EssayThe best example of the powerful destruction of hurricanes to Florida is hurricane Andrew. According to the National Hurricane Centers report on hurricane Andrew, total damage was estimated at $25 billion! Fortunately, good preparation prevented major loss of life as 26 people died directly from the hurricane. Over $2 billion dollars was needed to cope with environmental damage from the storm. Also, Ocean Oil reported that there were seven incidents of pollution from the hurricane destroying oil structures in the Gulf of Mexico. Perhaps worst of all, the $15 billion of damage to private property left many people homeless, with most of their p ossessions destroyed. This hurricane caused major economical, sociological, and environmental problems in Florida. SOLUTION BY FORCEThe problem of hurricanes must be dealt with by finding a solution. One approach to eliminating the impact of hurricanes is to try eliminating hurricanes themselves with brute force. Although this might seem fantastic and impossible, it is actually a legitimate scenario that has been studied since the early 1960s. The possibilities range from importing icebergs to using nuclear bombs. The most famous attempt to alter hurricanes was the STORMFURY experiments. STORMFURY, as explained by Robert Simpson in The Hurricane and Its Impact, started in 1961 in the attempt to alter hurricane Esther. The projects goal was to reduce maximum wind speed (which exponentially reduces wind force) by causing the eye wall to expand. This was accomplished by using generators to seed clouds in the eye wall with silver-iodide-crystal smoke. Silver iodide forces supercooled water, water that is below 32 degrees F but is still liquid, to freeze. This release of latent heat would upset the balance of forces in the vortex, causing the eye wall to expand farther away from the center. The conservation principle for absolute angular momentum proves that the further maximum winds are from the center, the slower their speeds will be. Cloud-seeding and STORMFURY had their most success with hurricane Debbie in 1969 when winds fell 30% on the first day of seeding. However, poor observation equipment of the day can not distinguish the difference from wind reduction caused by seeding and wind reduction caused by natural formation changes in the hurricane. Also, there is now evidence that altering a hurricanes wind power would also alter its course (NEWSWEEK ONLINE 1998). An altered hurricane that redirects and hits Cuba would cause major foreign policy problems. Furthermore, hurricanes help balance the Earths heat budget. Trying to change hurricanes to save Florida could have undesired global effects. Such uncertainties have convinced scientists to be more cautious about hurricane experimentation. However, since technology is growing exponentially, perhaps this approach can be reevaluated in the future. SOLUTIONS BY COEXISTENCESince, for the time being, hurricanes are here to stay, Florida must develop better methods to coexist with hurricanes. There is an aesthetic quality to the coastal beauty of Florida (that is represented in economic quantities) that will keep populations growing, even though it is a great hurricane risk. Public policies to help the coexistence are further complicated by legal and political reasons. Many policies have failed because of a balance of power between individual and governmental rights. For example, ordinances to require more hurricane proof buildings fail because of costs involved and the politics of business persuading legislature. Although hurricane Andrew expanded public awareness to the dangers of hurricanes (including insurance companies awareness to not cover Florida residents), there are still problems with public cooperation. An example of this is public responses to evacuation orders. Earl Baker, in his essay, Coping With Hurricane Evacuation Difficulties, explains how the public can be confused on whether there are official orders to evacuate or just advice to evacuate. Even in cases where there are clear official orders, 6 to 50% of the public might not respond. There are several ways to combat this problem. First, the government can expand funds on hurricane prevention education. Second, infrastructures can be improved to allow easier evacuations. Third, better sensing equipment and tracking methods can be developed to better predict hurricane paths and danger. .u299f0df3aa6c7d69aaff7129dfbe49eb , .u299f0df3aa6c7d69aaff7129dfbe49eb .postImageUrl , .u299f0df3aa6c7d69aaff7129dfbe49eb .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u299f0df3aa6c7d69aaff7129dfbe49eb , .u299f0df3aa6c7d69aaff7129dfbe49eb:hover , .u299f0df3aa6c7d69aaff7129dfbe49eb:visited , .u299f0df3aa6c7d69aaff7129dfbe49eb:active { border:0!important; } .u299f0df3aa6c7d69aaff7129dfbe49eb .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u299f0df3aa6c7d69aaff7129dfbe49eb { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u299f0df3aa6c7d69aaff7129dfbe49eb:active , .u299f0df3aa6c7d69aaff7129dfbe49eb:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u299f0df3aa6c7d69aaff7129dfbe49eb .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u299f0df3aa6c7d69aaff7129dfbe49eb .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u299f0df3aa6c7d69aaff7129dfbe49eb .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u299f0df3aa6c7d69aaff7129dfbe49eb .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u299f0df3aa6c7d69aaff7129dfbe49eb:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u299f0df3aa6c7d69aaff7129dfbe49eb .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u299f0df3aa6c7d69aaff7129dfbe49eb .u299f0df3aa6c7d69aaff7129dfbe49eb-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u299f0df3aa6c7d69aaff7129dfbe49eb:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: The purpouse of a higher education EssaySUMMARYImproving evacuation procedures and increasing hurricane protection public policy are the only available methods Florida residents can use to better coexist with the impacts of hurricanes. BibliographyBaker, Earl. Hurricanes and Coastal Storms. Coping With Hurricane EvacuationDifficulties. Florida Sea Grant College: 1980. NHC Hurricane Andrew. http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/1992andrew.htmlNHC Hurricane Gordon. http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/1994gordon.htmlPielke, Roger. The Hurricane. Routledge: New York. 1990. Simpson, Robert. The Hurricane and Its Impact. Louisiana State University Press: BatonRouge. 1981. Stormfax Weather Almanac. http://stromfax.comUSA TODAY ONLINE. http://www.usatoday.com/weather/askjack/

Protection of Inventors Ideas

Introduction The product that comes from the mind of inventors is commonly referred to as intellectual property. Intellectual property is a distinct creation of the human mind or something which someone has invented and has exclusive rights to make or sell, especially something that cannot legally be copied by other people. The rights are a legal protection of the creator’s concerns.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Protection of Inventors Ideas specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More They give the creator full rights over the entirety of his or her creation. Intellectual property may be an idea but it can be translated into tangible object and infinite number of copies be distributed in several parts of the world. The tangible objects may not have the property but the idea of the property reflected in the copies. The biggest limitation with intellectual property is the duration of protection of the prope rty. Despite its intangible nature, it is considered an asset which currently has replaced tangible substance as the ultimate economic resource. The climate of inventing and coming up with new ideas is overshadowed by the need to protect these ideas. Many inventors have seen their ideas taken over by others without their consent or permission. And other inventors, even after patenting the ideas, have seen their inventions being accessed and used without their permission. According to statistical data, most ideas are highly unlikely to become successful inventions in the market. In fact, the success rate of inventions depends on how they are marketed. Studies have found out that only 2 percent of inventions become successful after launching. However, in spite of the little success rate, the need to protect ideas and inventions from unauthorized use is crucial to inventors. Purpose and significance of study Cases of copyright infringement and stolen start up ideas have been very commo n. But scholars argue that unless one does some valuable with an idea, the idea still remain worthless. Inventors have to engage in order to learn more about the nature of impact their ideas will have. A lot of fear is associated with an idea especially at an early stage of development. Inventors worry whether their ideas are worthwhile and whether they will lead to a greater impact. However, an inventor can begin to own an idea once it becomes worthwhile to the people it targets or to customers.Advertising Looking for research paper on intellectual property? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More There is perhaps no doubt that there are several similar ideas in people’s minds elsewhere. But the person who begins using his or her idea to create value to customers can then claim ownership of the idea and protects it from being misused. An inventor will definitely have to consult others in order to further understand the viabili ty of his or her idea. In the process of engaging and conversing, the inventor shares the idea. At this point of engagement, ideas are usually far from perfect and the need to engage helps the inventor to get more insight on how to execute the idea. This is a crucial point because many ideas have been stolen through such engagements. The first approach in protecting one’s idea is protection during these engagements. An inventor is more likely to create something tangible, the faster he or she begins executing the idea. Case 1: Sony Corp vs. Universal City Studio In this case, Universal City Studio filed a suit against Sony for making cassette players which come with ability of recording music. Some of the music produced by Universal City Studios has been recorded by users without the permission of the company. The music is protected under copyright laws which prevent users from recording the music for any purpose. Even though Sony does not participate in infringement of copyr ight, the company contributes to further infringement of the law, according to the suit. From this case, copyright laws are seen to be one of the ways in which an individual can protect his or her idea from companies and other users. The two recommended steps for one to take are discussed below. The best way to defend an invention is by being offensive. The faster an inventor can begin to execute his or her idea, the faster it becomes to protect it through patent laws. However, even if one is able to protect every single bit of the idea, there is a considerable large amount of planning, money, and time needed. In the process, rival companies and individuals may be in seeking to know what the idea is all about. It is therefore critical for one to know when to discuss invention ideas and with whom to discuss them with. The following are four safe instances available for an inventor to discuss his or her invention. Outside these instances, any discussion may not be considered safe for the idea.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Protection of Inventors Ideas specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More An inventor can discuss invention ideas once he or she has a pending patent status or has already obtained a patent. Secondly, when the execution of the idea requires some sort of partnership, the inventor can go ahead to discuss the idea with the party required. Thirdly, after signing a non disclosure agreement (NDA) an inventor can freely speak about the idea because NDA bounds the other person from disclosing any information regarding the idea. Lastly, an inventor can discuss invention idea when explaining every detail to a patent attorney. If an idea is not discussed under these conditions, then most likely its prospects for success can easily be sabotaged. The unfortunate thing is that many inventors are either unaware of these conditions or simply act oblivious to them. They engage in informal conversations with outsiders who end up executing or patenting the ideas before the original owner does. Patent case: Apple vs. HTC Apple Inc, a US based smart phone company, has patented many of its products and ideas. However, due to the intense competitions existing in the smart phone industry today, it is likely to find a few infringements of the patents by rival companies. In 2010, Apple sued HTC for infringing some of its patented intellectual properties. The case came to an end in 2012 with a licensing agreement between the two companies. However, the content of the agreement was never disclosed. This case therefore is the second way by which one can protect his or her idea. Intellectual property is usually protected from the time it is translated into tangible objects. This however varies with different nations. Protection of intellectual property is valid only within the period that the creator is alive. The original creator usually has a successor. The successor would clai m all the economic rights of the property once the original creator dies. There are also instances where an individual is employed by a company or an organization to invent and create things. Such forms of intellectual property are usually owned by the organization or the employer. The employer would receive all the economic benefits that arise from sales and distribution of the property while the original creator would only gain the moral rights.Advertising Looking for research paper on intellectual property? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The original owner also reserves the right to allow a third party to gain from the economic benefits of his or her property. The third party may be a company that markets and distributes the tangible objects containing the intellectual property however they have to make payments to the original owner in the form of royalties. Transferability takes two forms, licensing and assignment. In assignment, the third party whom the rights are assigned to becomes the rightful owner of the property and can perform certain acts with it. In the case of licensing, the third party whom the rights are transferred to does not get full ownership of the property. Conclusion In conclusion, it is evident that intellectual property has replaced tangible substance as the ultimate economic resource. This has made it an essential asset for inventors to protect from unauthorized use and access through trademarks, patents, and copyright. The need to protect ideas and intellectual property is also important fo r development of innovation. Inventors therefore need to be aware of the appropriate mechanism for ensuring that their ideas are not stolen by anyone. This paper has highlighted the various ways in which an inventor can protect his or her idea using two approaches. Copyright, patent, and trademarks are among the ways in which inventors should use to protect their intellectual properties. Works Cited Adamson, John E. and Amanda Morrison. Law for Business and Personal Use. New York: McGraw Hill, 2011. Document. Cheeseman, Henry. Business law, Legal environment, Online commerce, Business ethics and International issues. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson/Prentice Hall, 2010. Document. Coase, Williams. The Aims of the Law of Tort†, Current Legal Problems. 2nd. Oxford: Hurt Publishing, 2003. Document. Deakin, T., H. Johnston and N Markesinis. Markesinis Deakin’s Tort Law. 2nd. Oxford: OUP, 2007. Document. 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